Section 327IAC8-2.3-4. Ground water source microbial monitoring and analytical methods

   (a) The following applies to triggered source water monitoring required under this rule:

(1) A ground water system shall conduct triggered source water monitoring if the conditions identified in the following exist:

(A) The system does not provide at least 4-log treatment of viruses using:

(i) inactivation;

(ii) removal; or

(iii) a combination of 4-log virus inactivation and removal approved by the commissioner;

before or at the first customer for each ground water source.

(B) The system is notified that:

(i) a sample collected under 327 IAC 8-2-8(a) through 327 IAC 8-2-8(e) is total coliform-positive; and

(ii) the sample under item (i) is not invalidated under 327 IAC 8-2-8(f).

(2) A ground water system shall collect, within twenty-four (24) hours of notification of the total coliform-positive sample under subdivision (1)(B)(i), at least one (1) ground water source sample from each ground water source in use at the time the total coliform-positive sample was collected under 327 IAC 8-2-8(a) through 327 IAC 8-2-8(e), except as provided in clause (B). The commissioner may approve the following alternatives to this sampling requirement:

(A) The commissioner may extend the twenty-four (24) hour time limit on a case-by-case basis if the system cannot collect the ground water source water sample within twenty-four (24) hours due to circumstances beyond its control. In the case of an extension, the commissioner shall specify how much time the system has to collect the sample.

(B) If:

(i) approved by the commissioner, systems with more than one (1) ground water source may meet the requirements of this subdivision by sampling a representative ground water source or sources; and

(ii) directed by the commissioner, a system shall submit for commissioner approval a triggered source water monitoring plan that:

(AA) identifies one (1) or more ground water sources that are representative of each monitoring site in the system's sample siting plan under 327 IAC 8-2-8(a) through 327 IAC 8-2-8(e); and

(BB) the system intends to use for representative sampling under this subdivision.

(C) A ground water system that uses a single well and serves one thousand (1,000) people or fewer may use a repeat sample collected from a ground water source to:

(i) meet the requirements of 327 IAC 8-2-8.1; and

(ii) satisfy the monitoring requirements of this subdivision;

for only that ground water source if the commissioner approves the use of E. coli as a fecal indicator for source water monitoring under this subsection and the commissioner approves the use of the source water sample to meet the requirements of 327 IAC 8-2-8.1. If the repeat sample collected from the ground water source is E. coli positive, the system shall comply with subdivision (3).

(3) If the commissioner does not require corrective action under section 5(a)(2) of this rule for a fecal indicator-positive source water sample:

(A) collected under subdivision (2); and

(B) that is not invalidated under subsection (d);

then the system shall collect five (5) additional source water samples from the same source within twenty-four (24) hours of being notified of the fecal indicator-positive sample.

(4) Consecutive and wholesale systems shall meet the following requirements:

(A) In addition to the other requirements of this subsection, a consecutive ground water system that has a total coliform-positive sample collected under 327 IAC 8-2-8(a) through 327 IAC 8-2-8(e) shall notify the wholesale system or systems that supply water to the consecutive system within twenty-four (24) hours of being notified of the total coliform-positive sample.

(B) In addition to the other requirements of this subsection, a wholesale ground water system shall do the following:

(i) A wholesale ground water system that receives notice from a consecutive system it serves that a sample collected under 327 IAC 8-2-8(a) through 327 IAC 8-2-8(e) is total coliform-positive shall, within twenty-four (24) hours of being notified, do the following:

(AA) Collect a sample from its ground water source or sources under subdivision (2).

(BB) Analyze it for a fecal indicator under subsection (c).

(ii) If the sample collected under item (i) is fecal indicator-positive, the wholesale ground water system shall:

(AA) notify all consecutive systems served by that ground water source of the fecal indicator-positive source water sample result within twenty-four (24) hours of being notified of the ground water source sample monitoring result; and

(BB) meet the requirements of subdivision (3).

(C) Consecutive and wholesale systems shall work together to ensure that the requirements of this subdivision are met.

(5) A ground water system is not required to comply with the source water monitoring requirements of this subsection if either of the following conditions exists:

(A) The commissioner determines and documents, in writing, that the total coliform-positive sample collected under 327 IAC 8-2-8(a) through 327 IAC 8-2-8(e) is caused by a distribution system deficiency.

(B) The total coliform-positive sample collected under 327 IAC 8-2-8(a) through 327 IAC 8-2-8(e) is collected at a location that meets criteria set by the commissioner for distribution system conditions that will cause total coliform-positive samples.

  (b) If directed by the commissioner, a ground water system shall conduct assessment source water monitoring that meets the following:

(1) The requirements shall be determined by the commissioner for assessment source water monitoring.

(2) A ground water system conducting assessment source water monitoring may use a triggered source water sample collected under subsection (a)(2) to meet the requirements of this subsection.

(3) Assessment source water monitoring requirements determined by the commissioner may include the following:

(A) Collection of at least:

(i) one (1) ground water source sample per month; or

(ii) if operating fewer than twelve (12) months, twelve (12) samples split evenly through the period of operation representing each month the system provides ground water to the public.

(B) Collection of samples from each well unless the system obtains written approval from the commissioner to conduct monitoring at one (1) or more wells within the ground water system that:

(i) are representative of multiple wells used by that system; and

(ii) draw water from the same hydrogeologic setting.

(C) Collection of a standard sample volume of at least one hundred (100) milliliters for fecal indicator analysis regardless of the fecal indicator or analytical method used.

(D) Analysis of all ground water source samples using one (1) of the analytical methods listed in subsection (c)(2) for the presence of:

(i) E. coli;

(ii) enterococci; or

(iii) coliphage.

(E) Collection of ground water source samples at a location prior to any treatment of the ground water source unless the commissioner approves a sampling location after treatment.

(F) Collection of ground water source samples at the well unless the:

(i) system's configuration does not allow for sampling at the well; and

(ii) commissioner approves an alternate sampling location that is representative of the water quality of that well.

  (c) The following analytical methods and requirements apply under this rule:

(1) A ground water system subject to the triggered source water monitoring requirements of subsection (a) shall collect a standard sample volume of at least one hundred (100) milliliters for fecal indicator analysis regardless of the fecal indicator or analytical method used.

(2) A ground water system shall analyze all ground water source samples collected under subsection (a) using one (1) of the analytical methods listed in the following table or with the alternative methods listed in Appendix A to Subpart C of 40 CFR 141 for the presence of E. coli, enterococci, or coliphage:

Analytical Methods for Source Water Monitoring
Fecal indicator1	Methodology	Method Citation*
E. coli	Colilert2	9223 B
	Colisure2	9223 B
	Membrane Filter Method with MI Agar	EPA Method 1604
	m-ColiBlue24 Test
	E*Colite Test
	EC-MUG3	9221 F
	NA-MUG3	9222 G
Enterococci	Multiple Tube Technique	9230 B
	Membrane Filter Technique	9230 C
	Membrane Filter Technique	EPA Method 1600
	Enterolert
Coliphage	Two-Step Enrichment Presence-Absence Procedure	EPA Method 1601
	Single Agar Layer Procedure	EPA Method 1602
1The time from sample collection to initiation of analysis may not exceed thirty (30) hours. The ground water system is encouraged, but is not required, to hold samples below ten (10) degrees Centigrade during transit.
2Medium is available through IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., One IDEXX Drive, Westbrook, ME 04092.
3EC-MUG (Method 9221F) or NA-MUG (Method 9222G) can be used for E. coli testing step as described in 327 IAC 8-2-8.4(a)(5)(A) or 327 IAC 8-2-8.4(a)(5)(B) after use of Standard Methods 9221 B, 9221 D, 9222 B, or 9222 C.

  (d) The commissioner may invalidate a fecal indicator-positive ground water source sample collected under subsection (a) if one (1) of the following occurs:

(1) The system provides the commissioner with written notice from the laboratory that improper sample analysis occurred.

(2) The commissioner determines and documents in writing that there is substantial evidence that a fecal indicator-positive ground water source sample is not related to source water quality.

  (e) Any ground water source sample required under subsection (a) must be collected at:

(1) a location prior to any treatment of the ground water source or after treatment only if that sampling location is approved by the commissioner; and

(2) the well unless the:

(A) system's configuration does not allow for sampling at the well; and

(B) commissioner approves an alternate sampling location that:

(i) meets the requirements of subsection (a); and

(ii) is representative of the water quality of that well.

  (f) If directed by the commissioner, a ground water system that places a new ground water source into service after November 30, 2009, shall:

(1) conduct assessment source water monitoring under subsection (b); and

(2) begin monitoring before the ground water source is used to provide water to the public.

  (g) A ground water system with a ground water source sample collected under subsection (a) or (b) that is:

(1) fecal indicator-positive; and

(2) not invalidated under subsection (d);

including consecutive systems served by the ground water source, shall conduct public notification under 327 IAC 8-2.1-8.

  (h) Failure to meet the requirements of subsections (a) through (f):

(1) is a monitoring violation; and

(2) requires the ground water system to provide public notification under 327 IAC 8-2.1-10.

  *The methods referenced in this section are incorporated by reference and can be obtained as follows:

(1) Methods 9221 F, 9222 G, 9223 B, 9230 B, and 9230 C are described in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater 20th Edition (1998), and copies can be obtained from the American Public Health Association, 1015 Fifteenth Street, Washington, D.C. 20005-2605.

(2) EPA Method 1604: Total Coliforms and Eschericia coli in Water by Membrane Filtration Using a Simultaneous Detection Technique (MI Medium); September 2002, EPA 821-R-02-024. Method is available at http://www.epa.gov/nerlcwww/1604so02.pdf or from EPA's Water Resource Center (RC-4100T), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, D.C. 20005-2605.

(3) A description of the m-ColiBlue24 Test, "Total Coliforms and E. coli Membrane Filtration Method with m-ColiBlue24 Broth", Method No. 10029 Revision 2, August 17, 1999, is available from Hach Company, 100 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010 or from EPA's Water Resource Center (RC-4100T), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, D.C. 20460.

(4) A description of the E*Colite Test, "Charm E*Colite Presence/Absence Test for Detection and Identification of Coliform Bacteria and Escherichia coli in Drinking Water", January 9, 1998, is available from Charm Sciences, Inc., 659 Andover Street, Lawrence, MA 01843-1032 or from EPA's Water Resource Center (RC-4100T), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, D.C. 20460.

(5) EPA Method 1600: Enterococci in Water by Membrane Filtration Using membrane-Enterococcus Indoxyl-b-D-Glucoside Agar (mEI) EPA 821-R-02-022 (September 2002) is an approved variation of Standard Method 9230C. The method is available at http://www.epa.gov/nerlcwww/1600sp02.pdf or from EPA's Water Resource Center (RC-4100T), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, D.C. 20460. The holding time and temperature for ground water samples are specified in footnote 1 above, rather than as specified in Section 8 of EPA Method 1600.

(6) EPA Method 1601: Male-specific (F+) and Somatic Coliphage in Water by Two-step Enrichment Procedure; April 2001, EPA 821-R-01-030. Method is available at http://www.epa.gov/nerlcwww/1601ap01.pdf or from EPA's Water Resource Center (RC-4100T), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, D.C. 20460.

(7) EPA Method 1602: Male-specific (F+) and Somatic Coliphage in Water by Single Agar Layer (SAL) Procedure; April 2001, EPA 821-R-01-029. Method is available at http://www.epa.gov/nerlcwww/1602ap01.pdf or from EPA's Water Resource Center (RC-4100T), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, D.C. 20460.

The methods are also available for copying at the Indiana Department of Environmental Management, Office of Water Quality, Indiana Government Center North, 100 North Senate Avenue, Room N1255, Indianapolis, Indiana 46204. (Water Pollution Control Division; 327 IAC 8-2.3-4; filed May 7, 2010, 9:30 a.m.: 20100602-IR-327080198FRA; errata filed Jul 2, 2010, 1:12 p.m.: 20100714-IR-327100432ACA; filed Feb 25, 2013, 8:36 a.m.: 20130327-IR-327110667FRA)