Section 25IAC5-3-4. Ownership determinations

   (a) In determining whether a qualifying member owns an enterprise, the department shall consider all the facts in the record, viewed as a whole.

  (b) To be an eligible MBE or WBE, an enterprise must be at least fifty-one percent (51%) owned by qualifying members. In the case of a:

(1) corporation, qualifying members must own at least fifty-one percent (51%) of each class of voting stock outstanding and fifty-one percent (51%) of the aggregate of all stock outstanding;

(2) partnership, fifty-one percent (51%) of each class of partnership interest must be owned by qualifying members, and such ownership must be reflected in the partnership agreement; and

(3) limited liability company, at least fifty-one percent (51%) of each class of membership interest must be owned by qualifying members.

  (c) An enterprise's ownership by qualifying members must be real, substantial, and continuing, going beyond any pro forma ownership reflected in ownership documents. The qualifying members must enjoy the customary incidents of ownership and share in the risks and profits commensurate with their ownership interests, as demonstrated by the substance, not merely the form, of arrangements.

  (d) All securities used to evidence the ownership interest of a qualifying member shall be held directly by the qualifying member. Except as provided in this subsection, no securities or assets held in trust, or by any guardian for a minor, will be considered as held by a qualifying member in determining the ownership of an enterprise. However, securities or assets held in trust will regarded as held by a qualifying member for the purpose of determining ownership of the enterprise if either of the following apply:

(1) The beneficial owner of securities or assets held in trust is a qualifying member, and the trustee is the same or another such individual.

(2) The beneficial owner of a trust is a qualifying member who, rather than the trustee, exercises effective control over the management, policymaking, and daily operational activities of the enterprise. Assets held in a revocable living trust may be counted only if the same qualifying member is the sole grantor, beneficiary, and trustee.

  (e) The contributions of capital or expertise by the qualifying member to acquire an ownership interest must be real and substantial. Examples of insufficient contributions include a promise to contribute capital, an unsecured note payable to the enterprise or an owner who is not a qualifying member, or mere participation in an enterprise's activities as an employee. Debt instruments from financial institutions or other organizations that lend funds in the normal course of business do not render an enterprise ineligible, even if the debtor's ownership interest is security for the loan.

  (f) The following requirements apply to situations in which expertise is relied upon as part of a qualifying member's contribution to acquire ownership:

(1) The owner's expertise must be as follows:

(A) In a specialized field.

(B) Of outstanding quality.

(C) In areas critical to the enterprise's operations.

(D) Indispensable to the enterprise's potential success.

(E) Specific to the type of work the enterprise performs.

(F) Documented in the records of the enterprise. These records must clearly show the contribution of expertise and its value to the enterprise.

(2) The individual whose expertise is relied upon must have a significant financial investment in the enterprise.

  (g) In evaluating enterprise ownership, the department will deem the qualifying member to hold all interests in a business or other assets obtained by the qualifying member:

(1) as the result of a final property settlement or court order in a divorce or legal separation, provided that no term or condition of the agreement or divorce decree is inconsistent with this section; or

(2) through inheritance, or otherwise because of the death of the former owner.

  (h) In evaluating enterprise ownership, the department will disregard all interests in a business or other assets obtained by a qualifying member as the result of a gift or transfer without adequate consideration from any nonqualifying individual or non-MBE or WBE enterprise that is:

(A) involved in the same enterprise, or an affiliate of the enterprise, for which MBE or WBE certification is sought; or

(B) involved in the same or a substantially similar line of business; or

(C) engaged in an ongoing business relationship with the enterprise, or an affiliate of the enterprise, for which MBE or WBE certification is sought.

  (2) To overcome this presumption and permit the interests or assets to be counted, the qualifying member must demonstrate that:

(A) the gift or transfer to the qualifying member was made for reasons other than obtaining certification as a MBE or WBE; and

(B) the qualifying member actually controls the management, policy, and operations of the enterprise, notwithstanding the continuing participation of a nonqualifying individual who made the gift or transfer.

  (i) The department will apply the following rules in situations in which marital assets form a basis for ownership of an enterprise:

(1) When marital assets (other than the assets of the business in question), held jointly or as community property by both spouses, are used to acquire the ownership interest asserted by one (1) spouse, the ownership interest in the enterprise must been [sic.] deemed to have been acquired by that spouse with his or her own individual resources, provided that the other spouse irrevocably renounces and transfers all rights in the ownership interest in the manner sanctioned by the laws of the state in which either spouse or the enterprise is domiciled. The department may not count a greater portion of joint or community property assets toward ownership than state law would recognize as belonging to the by qualifying member of the applicant enterprise.

(2) A copy of the document legally transferring and renouncing the other spouse's rights in the jointly owned or community assets used to acquire an ownership interest in the enterprise must be included as part of the enterprise's application for MBE or WBE certification.

(3) The department must take into consideration financial implications of the transfer/renouncement. For example, if the renouncement is for rights to a home, the applicant shall provide documentation of the transfer with mortgage holder.

  (j) The department will consider the following factors in determining the ownership of an enterprise; however, it will not regard a contribution of capital as failing to be real and substantial, or find an enterprise ineligible, solely because:

(1) A qualifying member acquired his or her ownership interest as the result of a gift, or transfer without adequate consideration, other than the types set forth in subsection (h).

(2) There is a provision for the cosignature of a spouse who is not a qualifying member on financing agreements, contracts for the purchase or sale of real or personal property, bank signature cards, or other documents.

(3) Ownership of the enterprise or its assets is transferred for adequate consideration from a spouse who is not a qualifying member to a spouse who is such an individual. In this case, the department will scrutinize the ownership and control of an enterprise to ensure that it is owned and controlled, in substance as well as in form, by a qualifying member.

  (k) Except as provided in this subsection, an enterprise that is not owned by qualifying members, but instead is owned by another enterprise, even an MBE or WBE enterprise, cannot be an eligible MBE or WBE.

(1) If qualifying members own and control an enterprise through a parent or holding company, established for tax, capitalization, or other purposes consistent with industry practice, and the parent or holding company in turn owns and controls an operating subsidiary, the department may certify the subsidiary if it otherwise meets all requirements of this subdivision. In this situation, the individual owners and controllers of the parent or holding company are deemed to control the subsidiary through the parent or holding company.

(2) The department may certify such a subsidiary only if there is cumulatively fifty-one percent (51%) ownership of the subsidiary by qualifying members. The following examples illustrate how this cumulative ownership provision works:

(A) Qualifying members own one hundred percent (100%) of a holding company, which has a wholly-owned subsidiary. The subsidiary may be certified if it meets all other requirements.

(B) Qualifying members own one hundred percent (100%) of a holding company, which owns fifty-one percent (51%) of a subsidiary. The subsidiary may be certified if all other requirements are met.

(C) Qualifying members own eighty percent (80%) of a holding company, which in turn owns seventy percent (70%) of a subsidiary. In this case, the cumulative ownership of the subsidiary by qualifying members is fifty-six percent (56%) (eighty percent (80%) of the seventy percent (70%)). This is more than fifty-one percent (51%), so the department may certify the subsidiary if all other requirements are met.

(D) Same as examples in clause (B) or (C), but someone other than the qualifying members of the parent or holding company controls the subsidiary. Even though the subsidiary is owned by qualifying members through the holding or parent company, the department cannot certify it because it fails to meet control requirements.

(E) Qualifying members own sixty percent (60%) of a holding company, which in turn owns fifty-one percent (51%) of a subsidiary. In this case, the cumulative ownership of the subsidiary by qualifying members is about thirty-one percent (31%). This is less than fifty-one percent (51%), so the department cannot certify the subsidiary.

  (l) Recognition of an enterprise as a separate nonconsolidated entity for tax or corporate purposes is not necessarily sufficient to demonstrate that an enterprise is an independent business, owned and controlled by qualifying members.

  (m) An enterprise that is owned by an Indian tribe, Alaska native corporation, or native Hawaiian organization as an entity, rather than by Indians, Alaska natives, or native Hawaiians as individuals, may be eligible for certification. Such an enterprise must be controlled by qualifying members, as provided in this article and 13 CFR 124.103. (Indiana Department of Administration, 25 IAC 5-3-4; filed May 30, 2003, 11:00 a.m.: 26 IR 3298; readopted filed Oct 6, 2009, 9:04 a.m.: 20091104-IR-025090572RFA; readopted filed Dec 2, 2015, 2:41 p.m.: 20151230-IR-025150342RFA)